ZHAO Guang-yao, WANG Fang-cheng, LIU Ming-jie, SUI Yi-ming, ZHANG Zhuo, KANG Fei-yu, YANG Cheng. A high-frequency flexible symmetric supercapacitor prepared by the laser-defocused ablation of MnO2 on a carbon cloth. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(3): 556-563. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60600-0
Citation:
ZHAO Guang-yao, WANG Fang-cheng, LIU Ming-jie, SUI Yi-ming, ZHANG Zhuo, KANG Fei-yu, YANG Cheng. A high-frequency flexible symmetric supercapacitor prepared by the laser-defocused ablation of MnO2 on a carbon cloth. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(3): 556-563. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60600-0
ZHAO Guang-yao, WANG Fang-cheng, LIU Ming-jie, SUI Yi-ming, ZHANG Zhuo, KANG Fei-yu, YANG Cheng. A high-frequency flexible symmetric supercapacitor prepared by the laser-defocused ablation of MnO2 on a carbon cloth. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(3): 556-563. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60600-0
Citation:
ZHAO Guang-yao, WANG Fang-cheng, LIU Ming-jie, SUI Yi-ming, ZHANG Zhuo, KANG Fei-yu, YANG Cheng. A high-frequency flexible symmetric supercapacitor prepared by the laser-defocused ablation of MnO2 on a carbon cloth. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(3): 556-563. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60600-0
Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
2.
Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331-4003, USA
Funds:
The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52061160482), the Tsinghua University Spring Breeze Fund, the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program (2017BT01N111), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering & Materials (2020B1212060015), Shenzhen Technical Project (JSGG20191129110201725) and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center for financial supports.
The rapid development of flexible electronics has produced an enormous demand for supercapacitors. Compared to batteries, supercapacitors have great advantages in terms of power density and cycling stability. They can also respond well on a time scale of seconds, but most have a poor frequency response, and behave more like pure resistors when used at high frequencies (e.g., above 100 Hz). It is therefore challenging to develop supercapacitors that work at a frequency of over 100 Hz. We report a high-frequency flexible symmetrical supercapacitor composed of a MnO2@carbon cloth hybrid electrode (CC@MnO2), which is synthesized by the defocused-laser ablation method. This CC@MnO2-based symmetric supercapacitor has an excellent specific areal capacitance of 1.53 mF cm−2 at a frequency of 120 Hz and has good cycling stability with over 92.10% capacitance retention after 100000 cycles at 100 V s−1. This remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the combined effect of the high conductivity of the 3D structure of the carbon cloth and the exceptional pseudo-capacitance of the laser-produced MnO2 nanosheets. The defocused laser ablation method can be used for large-scale production using roll-to-roll technology, which is promising for the wide use of the supercapacitor in high-frequency electronic devices.
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Figure 1. Schematic representation of the preparation of the MnO2@LCC electrode.
Figure 1. SEM images of CC (a) before and (b) after laser treatment, (c, d) SEM images of LCC@MnO2, (e) EDS spectrum of LCC@MnO2, (f) HRTEM image of LCC@MnO2.
Figure 2. (a) XRD patterns for CC and LCC@MnO2. (b) Raman spectra of CC and LCC@MnO2.
Figure 3. (a) XPS spectra of the LCC@MnO2 and CC. High-resolution spectra for (b) C 1s, (c) O 1s and (d) Mn 2p spectra.
Figure 4. (a) CV curves of CC, LCC and LCC@MnO2 at 50 mV/s. (b) EIS characterization for the LCC@MnO2 electrode. (c) CV curves of LCC@MnO2 at different scan rates 2-300 mV s−1. (d) The specific areal capacitances of the LCC@MnO2 electrode at different scan rates. (e) GCD characterization of the LCC@MnO2 electrode from 1 to 15 mA cm−2. (f) Cycling stability of the LCC@MnO2 electrode at 100 mV s−1.
Figure 5. (a) CV curves of the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor at different scan rates 0.05-100 V s−1. (b) The specific areal capacitance of the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor at different scan rates. (c) CV curves of CC, LCC and LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitors at 100V s−1. (d) EIS characterization for the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor from 100 kHz to 0.01 Hz and inset is an enlarged view at the high frequency range. (e) Plots of phase angle versus frequency of LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor. (f) Cycling stability of the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor at 100 V s−1.
Figure 6. (a) CV curves at 100V s−1 of the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor at different bending angles (0°, 45°, 90° or 180°). (b) Cycle stability of the LCC@MnO2 symmetric supercapacitor at 100 V s−1.