Electrospun carbon nanofibers for use in the capacitive desalination of water

Bethwel K Tarus; Yusufu A C Jande; Karoli N Njau

doi:10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60645-0

Volume 37 Issue 6

Nov. 2022

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Bethwel K Tarus, Yusufu A C Jande, Karoli N Njau. Electrospun carbon nanofibers for use in the capacitive desalination of water. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(6): 1066-1088. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60645-0

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Bethwel K Tarus, Yusufu A C Jande, Karoli N Njau. Electrospun carbon nanofibers for use in the capacitive desalination of water. New Carbon Mater., 2022, 37(6): 1066-1088. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60645-0

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Electrospun carbon nanofibers for use in the capacitive desalination of water

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(22)60645-0

1.
Department of Materials and Energy Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
2.
Department of Manufacturing, Industrial and Textile Engineering, Moi University, P.O Box, 3900, Eldoret, Kenya
3.
Water Infrastructure and Sustainable Energy Futures (WISE-Futures) African Centre of Excellence, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Nelson Mandela Road, Tengeru, P.O. Box 9124, Nelson Mandela, Arusha, Tanzania
4.
Department of Water and Environmental Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha P.O. Box 447, Tanzania

More Information

Corresponding author:
Bethwel K Tarus. E-mail: bethweltarus@gmail.com
;
Yusufu A C Jande. E-mail: yusufu.jande@nm-aist.ac.tz
Received Date: 2022-05-19
Rev Recd Date: 2022-08-03

Available Online: 2022-08-23

Publish Date: 2022-12-01

Abstract

Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has rapidly become a promising approach for water desalination. The technique removes salt from water by applying an electric potential between two porous electrodes to cause adsorption of charged species on the electrode surfaces. The nature of CDI favors the use of nanostructured porous carbon materials with high specific surface areas and appropriate surface functional groups. Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are ideal as they have a high specific surface area and surface characteristics for doping/grafting with electroactive agents. Compared with powdered materials, CNF electrodes are free-standing and don’t require binders that increase resistivity. CNFs with an appropriate distribution of mesopores and micropores have better desalination performance. Compositing CNFs with faradaic materials improve ion storage by adding pseudocapacitance to the electric double layer capacitance. The use of electrospun CNFs as electrodes for CDI is summarized with emphasis on the major precursor materials used in their preparation and structure modification, and their relations to the performance in salt electrosorption.
- Capacitive deionization,
- Desalination,
- Carbon nanofibers,
- Electrospinning,
- Electrosorption

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References(138)

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