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摘要: 以脱油沥青（DOA）为碳源，氯化铁为催化剂，在氩气和氢气的混合气氛下利用化学气相沉积法（CVD）制备了不同形貌的气相生长炭纤维（VGCFs）。讨论了在温度为1100℃时，不同的反应时间（分别为10min，20min，25min，30min和40min）对产物形貌和结构的影响。利用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）、X-射线衍射（XRD）和拉曼（Raman）光谱，对不同工艺参数下合成的产物进行了结构表征。结果表明：随着反应时间的增加，气相生长炭纤维的形貌由弯曲变得相对平直，进而相互贯穿；当反应时间为10min和20min时，气相生长炭纤维的直径分布在1.0μm~1.2μm之间；当反应时间为25min，30min和40min时，气相生长炭纤维的直径分布范围分别为250nm~300nm，350nm~400nm，700nm~800nm。另外，还观察到了V型的气相生长炭纤维。Abstract: Deoiled asphalt was chosen as the carbon source and FeCl3 as the catalyst, to prepare vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) with different morphologies, by chemical vapor deposition, in an atmosphere of argon and hydrogen. The influence of reaction time (10, 20, 25, 30, and 40min) on the morphologies and structures of products at 1100℃ was discussed. The morphologies and structures of the products were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Results showed that the VGCFs became relatively straight and then interpenetrating. The diameters of the VGCFs were 1.0 to 1.2μm, 250 to 300nm, 350 to 400nm, and 700 to 800nm when the reaction time was 10, 20, 25, 30, and 40min, respectively. In addition, V-shaped VGCFs were observed.
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