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摘要: 以苯酚、间甲酚和糠醛为原料,在正丙醇溶剂中以盐酸为催化剂经溶胶凝胶过程合成了醇凝胶,直接超临界正丙醇干燥得到有机气凝胶,在氮气保护下裂解制备出富含中孔的炭气凝胶。用IR、N2吸附、SEM、TEM等表征气凝胶的结构特征,考察了间甲酚苯酚摩尔比对凝胶结构的影响。结果发现:提高间甲酚的含量能够增强聚合物的交联密度,减小聚合物与溶剂的相溶性,缩短相分离时间,有利于得到较小的纳米颗粒和孔径的炭气凝胶。所制得的炭气凝胶平均中孔孔径随间甲酚含量的增加从47nm逐渐减小至13nm,BET比表面积和中孔孔容在mC/P=0.33时达到最大值。Abstract: Carbon aerogels rich in mesopores were prepared by the solgel polycondensation of phenol, mcresol, and furfural by an acid catalyst in a 1propanol solution, followed by supercritical 1propanol drying and pyrolysis. The effect of the ratios of mcresol to phenol (mC/P) on the properties of aerogels was investigated. The aerogels were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the microstructure of carbon aerogels could be adjusted by the mC/P ratio. The average mesopore size of carbon aerogels decreased from 47 to 13nm with increasing mC/P ratio. The surface area calculated using the BrunauerEmmettTeller method, external surface area, and mesopore volume of carbon aerogels, all exhibited maxima at the mC/P ratio of 0.33.
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Key words:
- Carbon aerogels /
- Sol-gel process /
- Supercritical drying /
- Density /
- Porosity
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