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摘要: 利用扫描电镜（SEM）、广角X射线衍射（WARD）、小角X射线散射（SAXS）、拉曼(Raman)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试技术对热处理温度2400℃～3000℃的PAN基炭纤维的微观结构、表面形貌及化学组成进行了表征，分析了材料的微观组织结构与宏观性能的关系。结果表明：随热处理温度的升高，炭纤维的强度下降，模量升高，表面化学活性降低。表现在乱层石墨间距d002逐渐减小，平均微晶尺寸La、Lc逐渐增大，石墨化程度不断提高，微孔缺陷尺寸增大，大孔洞所占总微孔缺陷比例增加，PAN基炭纤维表面的O/C值降低。Abstract: The surface character, microstructure, and surface chemical composition of PAN-based carbon fibers were investigated by SEM , WAXRD，SAXS, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. The relation between microstructure and mechanical properties was analyzed. Results show that with increase of heat treatment temperature from 2400 to 3000℃, tensile strength decreases, Young’ s modulus increases and the surface activity decreases. It is found that the interlayer spacing d002 decreases, both La and Lc increase，the crystallinity increases, the size of the pores and the volume percentage of large pores all increase, and the surface O/C atom ratio decreases after the heat treatment.
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