HNO3/H2O2氧化修饰碳球的表征与分析

郭兴梅1|　刘海星1|　杨永珍2; 3|　刘旭光1; 2

HNO₃/H₂O₂氧化修饰碳球的表征与分析

1. 太原理工大学化学化工学院|山西太原 030024;
2.
新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室(太原理工大学)|山西太原 030024;
3.
太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院|山西太原 030024

基金项目: 长江学者与创新团队发展计划（IRT0972）;国家自然科学基金 (20971094，21176169, 51152001);山西省自然科学基金（2012011020-03）;国家教育部博士点基金资助项目（20101402110007）;山西省国际科技合作项目（2010081017）

详细信息

中图分类号: TQ127.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-02-08
- 录用日期: 2013-07-16
- 修回日期: 2013-06-05
- 刊出日期: 2013-06-20

Characterization and dispersion of carbon spheres modified by HNO₃/H₂O₂ oxidization in water

1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024, China;
2.
Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials (Taiyuan University of Technology),
3.
Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030024, China;

Funds: Program for Changjiang Scholar and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0972); National Natural Science Foundation of China (20971094, 21176169, 51152001); Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (2012011020-03); Ph. D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20101402110007); International S&T Co-operation Program of Shanxi Province (2010081017).

摘要

摘要: 为改善碳球在液相中的反应性能，采用HNO₃/H₂O₂混合氧化剂氧化法对碳球表面进行改性，通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和红外光谱法等手段分析了氧化处理条件对碳球微观结构和引入的官能团种类的影响，并采用酸碱滴定方法对氧化引入的官能团的数量进行测定，同时考察了改性后的碳球在水中的分散性。结果表明，当HNO₃和H₂O₂体积比为1∶1时，随氧化剂浓度的增加，含氧官能团的量增加，尤以羰基最为明显；相同氧化条件下，引入的羟基量明显高于羧基和羰基；当体积比由1∶1变为1∶3时，羟基含量增大，羧基和羰基含量下降，由此得出结论：氧化性强的HNO₃有利于羧基和羰基的引入，而氧化性弱的H₂O₂有利于羟基的引入；采用体积比为1∶1的浓HNO₃和H₂O₂处理在碳球表面引入了尽可能多的含氧官能团，为2.164mmol/g，其在水中具有良好的分散性和分散稳定性。因此可以通过改变氧化条件实现碳球表面的可控改性，为碳球的进一步功能化修饰和应用提供依据。
- 碳球 /
- 表面修饰 /
- 官能团 /
- 定量
Abstract: Carbon spheres (CSs) were modified by a mixture of HNO₃ and H₂O₂ with different volume ratios and concentrations to improve their dispersability in a liquid. The morphologies and microstructures of the modified CSs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and acid-base titration. Results show that the amount and types of oxygen-containing groups can be tuned by the concentration and ratio of HNO₃/H₂O₂. HNO₃ favors the formation of carboxyl and carbonyl groups while H₂O₂ introduces mainly hydroxyl. The amount of oxygen-containing functional groups increases with the concentration of the oxidants when the volume ratio of HNO₃/H₂O₂ is 1, which is as high as 2.164 mmol/g when the concentrations of HNO₃ and H₂O₂ are 16 and 8.8 mol/L, respectively. The resulting CSs have a remarkable dispersability and stability in water.
- Carbon spheres /
- Surface modification /
- Functional groups /
- Quantification