Thermal properties of nanoporous carbons prepared by a template method using different polymeric and organic precursors
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摘要: 以糠醇(FA)、4,4-双马来酰亚胺二苯基甲醇(BM)、BM与二乙烯基苯共聚物(BM-DVB)和蔗糖(S)为炭前驱体,硅胶为硬模板制备了六种纳米孔炭。在氦气气氛中800 ℃~1 000 ℃炭化30 min,炭化后利用质量分数40%HF脱除模板。利用元素分析、氮气吸附、热分析和漫反射红外表征产物的孔结构和化学结构及它们对多孔炭热性能的影响。结果表明,前驱体对多孔炭的性能有一定的影响。前驱体的化学结构和热处理条件对炭的孔隙结构,亲水性和热稳定性都有影响。最稳定的产物中含有氮和磷元素。Abstract: Six nanoporous carbons were prepared by a hard-template method using furfuryl alcohol (FA), 4,4’-bismaleimidediphenyl methane (BM), its copolymer with divinylbenzene (BM-DVB), and sucrose as carbon precursors, and two silica gels as templates. The influence of the templates and precursors on the properties of the synthesized porous carbons was studied. Other factors affecting the porous structure of the final products, such as surface activators and the final carbonization temperature, were also investigated. Results indicated that the specific surface areas and total pore volumes of the samples with micropores were in the range of 836-1 785 m2 · g-1 and 0.9-2.0 cm3 · g-1, respectively. The highest surface area was obtained for the systems when sulphosalicylic or/and phosphoric acids were used as surface activators. The porous carbons were mesoporous when benzene vapor was present during carbonization under argon atmosphere. An increase in final carbonization temperature resulted in an increase in total pore volume. The influence of carbon precursors on the properties of nanoporous carbons was not that obvious. The presence of nitrogen atoms in the precursors (BM and BM-DVB) improved the thermal stability of the product.
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Key words:
- Porous carbons /
- Template method /
- Pore structure /
- Surface chemistry
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