生物质莲杆废弃物制备高比表面积多孔炭及其CO<sub>2</sub>吸附性能

吴星星; 张乘云; 田忠卫; 蔡进军

doi:10.1016/S1872-5805(18)60338-5

生物质莲杆废弃物制备高比表面积多孔炭及其CO₂吸附性能

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(18)60338-5

吴星星^1,2,
张乘云¹,
田忠卫^1,2,
蔡进军^1,2,

1.
湘潭大学化工学院, 湖南湘潭 411105;
2.
清华大学固体废物处理与环境安全教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（21506184）；湖南省教育厅项目（16C1536）；研究生创新项目（CX2017B335）；SWMES教育部重点实验室开放基金（SWMES2015-15）；湖南省环境保护厅科技项目（湘财[2016]59号）；"环境友好与资源高效利用化工新技术"湖南省2011协同创新中心资助项目.

详细信息

作者简介:
吴星星,硕士研究生.E-mail:121244806@qq.com

通讯作者:
蔡进军,博士,副教授.E-mail:caijj@xtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: X712
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-02-15
- 录用日期: 2018-06-26
- 修回日期: 2018-06-03
- 刊出日期: 2018-06-28

Large-surface-area carbons derived from lotus stem waste for efficient CO₂ capture

1.
School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
2.
Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management & Environment Safety(Tsinghua University), Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100084, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (21506184); Education Department of Hunan Province (16C1536); Project of Postgraduate Research Innovation of Hunan Province (CX2017B335); SWMES Key Lab Foundation of Tsinghua University, Ministry of Education of China (SWMES2015-15); Foundation of Environmental Protection Science and Technology of Hunan Province ([2016]59); Hunan 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Engineering with Environmental Benignity and Effective Resource Utilization.

摘要

摘要: 采用水热炭化和KOH活化相结合的方法，以生物质莲杆废弃物为碳源，制备了高比表面积多孔炭材料，并探索其CO₂吸附性能。分别采用氮气物理吸附、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和元素分析技术（XPS）对这种莲杆基多孔炭材料的孔道结构、形貌和表面化学等特性进行了研究。结果表明，KOH浓度对莲杆基多孔炭材料的孔结构具有较大影响，莲杆基多孔炭材料的比表面积和孔体积分别为2 893 m²/g和1.59 cm³/g，KOH活化处理能在增大多孔炭材料的比表面积和孔体积，同时会在其内部形成部分具有较大尺寸的微孔和较小尺寸的介孔结构。在常压条件下，CO₂的吸附测试表明莲杆基多孔炭材料在25℃和0℃时的吸附量分别高达3.85和6.17 mmol/g，这一吸附量在生物质基多孔炭材料中属于较高水平。然而，具有最高比表面积的莲杆基多孔炭材料（AC-4样品）并不具备最高的CO₂吸附量，这意味着常压条件下限制CO₂吸附量的决定性因素并不是比表面积，而主要由微孔率和孔径分布决定。这一研究结果为设计多孔吸附剂应用于CO₂捕集方面提供了重要意义，也为构建低成本且环境友好的具有高吸附量的CO₂吸附剂提供思路。
- 生物质废弃物 /
- 多孔炭材料 /
- CO₂吸附 /
- 水热炭化 /
- KOH活化
Abstract: Porous carbons with a large number of micropores were obtained by the hydrothermal carbonization of lotus stems followed by KOH activation, and their CO₂ capture performance was evaluated. The influence of KOH/char ratio on the pore texture and surface chemistry of the carbons was investigated by N₂ adsorption, SEM, TEM and elemental analysis. Results indicate that as-prepared carbons had surface areas up to 2 893 m²/g and pore volumes up to 1.59 cm³/g, and that KOH activation increased their surface areas by forming large micropores and small mesopores. The CO₂ uptake in the carbons at ambient pressure was up to 3.85 and 6.17 mmol/g at 25 and 0℃, respectively, which are among the highest values for biomass-derived carbons reported in the literature. The porous carbon with the highest surface area did not show the highest CO₂ uptake. The decisive factor for their CO₂ uptake at ambient pressure is not the surface area but the microporosity and micropore size distribution. This result provides guidance for further searches for porous adsorbents for CO₂ capture. The porous carbons from lotus stem waste have the advantages of low cost and high capture ability for CO₂.
- Biomass wastes /
- Porous carbons /
- CO₂ capture /
- Hydrothermal carbonization /
- KOH activation

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