The thermal and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/flake graphite/cyanate ester composites
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摘要: 为了改善纤维增强树脂基复合材料厚度方向（Z向）热导率和纵向（X向）压缩强度，通过向氰酸酯树脂中加入不同质量分数的鳞片石墨填料进行树脂基体改性，并与中国TG800炭纤维复合制备成炭纤维复合材料。研究了鳞片石墨/氰酸酯复合物固化前的流变性能，固化后的导热率、力学性能，以及炭纤维/鳞片石墨/氰酸酯复合材料的热导率和力学性能。结果表明，未固化鳞片石墨/氰酸酯复合材料的流变复数黏度随着鳞片石墨添加量呈指数型增加，随着形变量的变化表现出佩恩（Payne）效应，体现了鳞片石墨在树脂基体中的联通网络的形成和破坏过程；固化后复合材料的热导率随着鳞片石墨添加量的增加呈线性增加。当鳞片石墨添加量为10 wt%时，鳞片石墨/氰酸酯拉伸模量从2.9 GPa提高到4.3 GPa，提高了48%，热导率提高了100%，炭纤维/鳞片石墨/氰酸酯复合材料的Z向导热率提高了127%，复合材料纵向压缩强度提高了31%。Abstract: Prepregs of carbon fiber reinforced cyanate ester (CE) resin matrix composites (CF/CE and CF/(10 wt% FG-CE)) were prepared with a laminate thickness of 2.0 mm and a fiber volume fraction of 60% with and without 10 wt% flake graphite (FG) as the CE filler. The rheological and thermal properties of the CE and FG/CE matrix as well as the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the CF/CE and CF/(10 wt% FG-CE) composites were investigated. Results indicated that the viscosity of the FG/CE matrix increased exponentially with increasing FG content and decreased significantly with deformation beyond 0.1% strain. A rheological percolation threshold was found at a FG content of 2-4 wt% and the percolation network of FG was broken at strains above 0.1%. The thermal conductivity of the matrix increased linearly with the FG content up to 0.46 W/(m·K) of 10wt%-FG/CE from 0.23 W/(m·K) of pure CE. The elastic modulus of the matrix increased from 2.9 GPa for pure CE to 4.3 GPa for 10 wt%-FG/CE. The thermal conductivity of the CF/(10 wt% FG-CE) composite was increased by 127% and compressive strength by 31% compared with the CF/CE composite.
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