The preparation of super lightweight magnetic Fe3O4/graphene/carbon aerogels and their use in electromagnetic interference shielding
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摘要: 通过溶胶-凝胶、超临界干燥及高温裂解过程制备了Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子掺杂的石墨烯/炭气凝胶，该气凝胶具有多组分、超轻质及高导电等特性。研究了不同Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子掺杂量对材料微观结构、组分及电磁干扰性能的影响规律，获得密度仅为0.015 g cm-5，比表面积为511 m2 g-1的分等级微纳米结构的超混杂气凝胶材料。该材料可以实现对3种波段的有效遮蔽，对可见光在布撒初期和30 min后遮蔽率分别是99.90%和98.77%，对于3~5 μm红外及8~12 μm红外布撒初期的遮蔽率分别是99.55%和99.35%，布撒30 min后遮蔽率分别是99.05%和96.79%，对毫米波的干扰性能在布撒初期和30 min后遮蔽率分别是83.68%和82.54%。该材料优异的多波段电磁干扰性能为高性能烟幕干扰材料提供了新的设计思路。Abstract: Magnetic Fe3O4/graphene/carbon aerogels were prepared by the sol-gel method, followed by supercritical drying and pyrolysis. The microstructures, electrical properties and electromagnetic interference shielding performance of the aerogels were investigated. The aerogels were crushed into a fine powder with a bimodal particle size distribution (~0.1 and 10 μm) and released into a chamber to a particle concentration of 1 g m-3 at room temperature under atmosphere pressure using a dispensing device, where electromagnetic interference shielding was tested. Results indicate that the composite aerogels have high conductivity and a hierarchical pore structure with a density as low as 0.015 g cm-3. The concentration of the fine powder in the chamber decreased with time and levelled off above 20 min. The shielding is dominated by the particles that are difficult to settle due to their perturbation by air. The shielding for the visible wave band of the composite aerogels in powder form initially and after the release for 30 min are above 99.90% and 98.77%, respectively. Those for 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm infrared light are respectively 99.55% and 99.35% initially, and 99.05% and 96.79% after the release for 30 min. For the millimeter wave band, the shielding ratios initially and after the release for 30 min are above 83.68% and 82.54%, respectively.
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Key words:
- Lightweight /
- Magnetic /
- Aerogel /
- Electromagnetic interference /
- Smoke screen
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