Nitrogen doped hollow porous carbon fibers derived from polyacrylonitrile for Li-S batteries
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摘要: 以聚丙烯腈(PAN)中空炭纤维为基体,通过KOH活化法制备了PAN中空多孔炭纤维用于锂硫电池正极材料基体。中空炭纤维经活化得到2491 m2·g−1的高比表面积和1.22 cm3·g−1的大孔隙体积。为了进一步提高电化学性能,使用水合肼对纤维前体进行了改性,以制备氮掺杂的中空多孔炭纤维。修饰后的纤维拥有1690 m2·g−1的比表面积,0.84 cm3·g−1的孔隙体积和8.81 at%的高氮含量。由于含氮基团可以增加纤维表面极性和吸附能力,所以在电流密度为1 C时,其起始比容量可以提升至到420 mAh·g−1。Abstract: Hollow porous carbon fibers for Li-S battery electrodes were prepared by the KOH activation of carbon prepared from hollow polyacrylonitrile fibers. The fibers had a high specific surface area of 2 491 m2·g−1, a large pore volume of 1.22 cm3·g−1 and an initial specific capacity of 330 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 1 C. To improve their electrochemical performance, the fibers were modified by treatment with hydrazine hydrate to prepare nitrogen-doped hollow porous carbon fibers with a specific surface area of 1 690 m2·g−1, a pore volume of 0.84 cm3·g−1 and a high nitrogen content of 8.81 at%. Because of the increased polarity and adsorption capacity produced by the nitrogen doping, the initial specific capacity of the fibers was increased to 420 mAh·g−1 at a current density of 1 C.
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Key words:
- Hollow-shaped carbon fibers /
- Activation /
- Modification /
- Li-S batteries
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Table 1. Pore structure parameters of samples
Sample SBET(m2 g−1) Smicro(m2 g−1) Vtotal(cm3 g−1) VBJH(cm3 g−1) HSCF 0.19 - - - HSPCF-600 323.31 260.19 0.16 0.021 HSPCF-700 566.05 449.23 0.28 0.045 HSPCF-800 2490.98 992.42 1.22 0.407 HSPCF-900 2813.15 95.90 1.56 1.131 Table 2. Pore structure parameters of HSPCF and N-HSPCF
Samples SBET (m2·g−1) Smicro (m2·g−1) Vtotal (cm3·g−1) VBJH (cm3·g−1) HSPCF 2491 992 1.22 0.41 N-HSPCF 1690 1307 0.84 0.12 Table 3. The content of surface nitrogen-containing functional groups for HSPCF and N-HSPCF
Sample XPS (at. %) Nitrogen functional group (%) C N O N-P N-X N-Q N-O HSPCF 83.55 4.15 12.31 - 40.29 55.16 4.55 N-HSPCF 80.80 8.81 10.39 19.25 53.50 26.75 - -
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