高性能活性炭电极材料在双电层电容器中的应用

Activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by simultaneous physicalchemical activation of coconut shells using ZnCl2 as activating agent. Their specific surface area and porosity parameters were calculated from the nitrogen adsorptiondesorption isotherms at 77K. The electrochemical properties of the electric double layer capacitors using these ACs as electrode materials were studied by a constant current chargedischarge technique and cyclic voltammetry. Results indicated that the specific capacitance of the carbon material could be as high as 360F/g at a low discharge current of 5mA, and it remained above 200F/g at a larger discharge current of 50mA. The influence of specific surface area and pore size on the electrochemical property was investigated. No special relationship was found between specific surface area and specific capacitance. However, the pore size had a significant influence on the specific capacitance. In a discharge at small current, the contribution of mesopore surface to the electric doublelayer capacitance was larger than that of micropores. With increasing discharge current, the capacitance of mesopore surface decreased faster than that of micorpore surface. For discharge at a large current, supermicropores of 1.5 - 2nm played an important role for the electrical energy storage.