表面粗糙度和含氧官能团对炭纤维/环氧树脂界面黏结的贡献

LIANG Yi-cai; ZHANG Xing-hua; WEI Xing-hai; JING De-qi; SU Wei-guo; ZHANG Shou-chun

doi:10.1016/S1872-5805(23)60720-6

表面粗糙度和含氧官能团对炭纤维/环氧树脂界面黏结的贡献

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(23)60720-6

梁乙偲^{1, 2, 3,},
张兴华^{1, 3},
魏兴海^{1, 3},
经德齐^{1, 3},
苏维国⁴,
张寿春^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所先进热塑性复合材料工程研究中心，山西太原 030001
2.
中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心，北京 100049
3.
中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所炭材料重点实验室，山西太原 030001
4.
海军工程大学舰船综合动力系统国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430033

基金项目: 山西省重点研发计划(202003D111002)；山西省科技重大专项计划(202101040201003)；国家自然科学基金(51903249)；中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所创新基金项目(SCJC-XCL-2022-12)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张寿春，研究员. E-mail：zschun@sxicc.ac.cn

中图分类号: TQ127.1⁺1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-04
- 录用日期: 2023-01-06
- 修回日期: 2023-01-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-17
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-23

Contribution of surface roughness and oxygen-containing groups to the interfacial shear strength of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites

LIANG Yi-cai^{1, 2, 3
,},
ZHANG Xing-hua^{1, 3},
WEI Xing-hai^{1, 3},
JING De-qi^{1, 3},
SU Wei-guo⁴,
ZHANG Shou-chun^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
Research Center of Advanced Thermoplastic Composites Engineering, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
2.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
4.
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vessel Integrated Power System, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China

Funds: This work was supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province (202003D111002), Major Science and Technology Project in Shanxi Province (202101040201003); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51903249) and the Innovation Fund Project of Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCJC-XCL-2022-12)

More Information

Author Bio:
梁乙偲，硕士生. E-mail：l785075983@163.com

Corresponding author: ZHANG Shou-chun, Professor. E-mail: zschun@sxicc.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 炭纤维（CF）与基体之间的界面黏结对CF增强聚合物复合材料的性能至关重要。为了评估机械啮合和化学键合对炭纤维增强环氧树脂（EP）复合材料界面黏附性能的贡献，分离了炭纤维的表面粗糙度和含氧官能团以研究它们对界面黏附的影响。结果表明，氨水处理提高了表面粗糙度而不改变化学性能，而电化学处理在不改变表面粗糙度的情况下提高了化学性能。采用微滴法测试了CF/EP的界面剪切强度（IFSS），并通过线性拟合得到了IFSS与表面粗糙度和氧含量之间的函数关系。结果表明，在双官能和四官能环氧树脂体系中，化学键合对于增强界面黏附的贡献因子高于机械互锁。
- 炭纤维 /
- 环氧树脂 /
- 机械啮合 /
- 化学键合 /
- 界面黏结
Abstract: The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between carbon fibers (CFs) and the matrix is crucial to the performance of CF-reinforced polymer composites. To evaluate the contribution of mechanical interlocking and chemical anchoring at the interfaces of a polyacrylonitrile-based CF (TORAYCA T800SC-12000-10E)-reinforced epoxy resin (EP: bisphenol A type epoxy resin and tetrafunctional epoxy resin) composites, the surface roughness and content of oxygen-containing functional groups of the CFs were respectively altered by ammonia treatment and electrochemical oxidation. The results showed that ammonia treatment increased the surface roughness without much change to the surface elemental composition, while electrochemical oxidation increased the number of surface oxygen groups without changing the surface roughness. The IFSS of CF/EP composites was tested by the micro-droplet method. The relationships between IFSS, and surface roughness and oxygen content were obtained by linear fitting. The results showed that in the interfacial bonding of CF to epoxy resin, the contribution of chemical anchoring to the IFSS is larger than that of mechanical interlocking.
- Carbon fiber /
- Epoxy resin /
- Mechanical interlocking /
- Chemical anchoring /
- Interfacial adhesion

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FIG. 2783. FIG. 2783.

FIG. 2783.. FIG. 2783.

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Figure 1. SEM images of CFs: (a) CF₀, (b) A-CF₁, (c) A-CF₂, (d) A-CF₃, (e) A-CF₄, (f) A-CF₅, (g) E-CF₁, (h) E-CF₂, (i) E-CF₃and (j) E-CF₄

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Figure 2. AFM images of CFs: (a) CF₀, (b) A-CF₁, (c) A-CF₂, (d) A-CF₃, (e) A-CF₄ and (f) A-CF₅

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Figure 3. XPS wide spectra of the CFs

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Figure 4. C1s XPS spectra of the CFs

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Figure 5. The tensile strength of CFs after ammonia treatment

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Figure 6. Variation of IFSS in bifunctional epoxy systems (a) with surface roughness and (b) with the O1s content on surface

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Figure 7. Variation of IFSS in tetrafunctional epoxy systems (a) with the surface roughness and (b) with the O1s content on surface

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Table 1. Average roughness (Ra) values of the CFs obtained from the AFM

Sample	CF₀	A-CF₁	A-CF₂	A-CF₃	A-CF₄	A-CF₅
Ra/nm	10.2	12.2	13.2	14.3	17.2	22.4

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Table 2. Elemental content of the CFs surface

Sample	Element content/%
Sample	C	N	O	O/C
CF₀	88.89	2.45	8.66	9.74
A-CF₁	88.71	2.67	8.62	9.72
A-CF₂	90.39	1.97	7.64	8.45
A-CF₃	90.50	2.01	7.49	8.28
A-CF₄	89.26	2.48	8.26	9.25
A-CF₅	89.10	2.36	8.54	9.58
E-CF₁	87.01	3.19	9.80	11.26
E-CF₂	85.93	2.73	11.34	13.20
E-CF₃	83.38	3.15	13.47	16.15
E-CF₄	81.68	2.89	15.43	18.89

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Table 3. Relative contents of functional groups on the surface of CFs

Sample	Relative content of functional groups (%)
Sample	C―C	C―O	C＝O	―COO
CF₀	88.43	6.11	4.21	1.24
A-CF₁	88.29	6.17	3.70	1.84
A-CF₂	88.44	6.60	3.27	1.68
A-CF₃	90.04	6.24	2.10	1.62
A-CF₄	89.71	6.37	2.29	1.63
A-CF₅	89.21	6.35	2.94	1.51
E-CF₁	85.98	8.82	1.84	3.37
E-CF₂	83.93	10.49	1.46	4.12
E-CF₃	81.91	12.33	0.72	5.04
E-CF₄	76.76	14.56	1.50	7.18

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Table 4. Dynamic contact angle and surface free energies of CFs

Sample	Contact angle/(°)	Surface energy/（mN/m）
Sample	Deionized water	γ
CF₀	76.27±0.49	37.80±0.33
A-CF₁	75.60±0.50	38.20±0.31
A-CF₂	75.00±0.17	38.60±0.10
A-CF₃	73.77±0.67	39.40±0.41
A-CF₄	72.27±0.61	40.30±0.38
A-CF₅	70.40±0.53	41.50±0.33
E-CF₁	68.50±1.82	42.70±1.13
E-CF₂	64.10±0.61	45.30±0.39
E-CF₃	61.20±0.78	47.10±0.48
E-CF₄	56.83±0.15	49.80±0.10

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