双金属修饰氮掺杂多孔炭纳米片的设计制备及其超高稳定性的锂硫电池

Ultra-high stable lithium-sulfur batteries derived from bimetal-implanted nitrogen doped porous carbon nanosheets

  • 摘要: 硫阴极中缓慢的氧化还原动力学以及锂阳极中不可控的锂枝晶生长,导致锂硫(Li-S)电池的循环稳定性较差。在此,本文通过一种简单且无模板的方法成功地制备了多金属功能组分掺杂的二维多孔碳纳米片(Fe/Ni-N-PCNSs)。得益于超薄多孔2D结构和均匀分布的双金属掺杂,Fe/Ni-N-PCNS能够有效地捕获多硫化物,加速硫的氧化还原反应,提高碳基材料的亲锂性,显著地抑制硫阴极的穿梭效应和锂阳极中的枝晶生长。因此,Fe/Ni-N-PCNS可以作为元素硫和金属锂的稳定载体,并表现出优异的性能,包括在锂硫电池中具有1000次的长寿命稳定循环,每次循环容量的衰减低至0.00025%,以及在锂金属电池中具有850 h以上的优异循环稳定性和低至72 mV的过电位。这项工作发展了基于多功能2D多孔炭纳米片的制备技术,并开发了同时作为元素S和金属Li的稳定载体的功能碳纳米片,以提高锂硫电池的性能。

     

    Abstract: The pressing challenge of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is their poor cycling stability because of the slow redox kinetics in cathode and lithium dendrites gowns in anode. Herein, we prepared multifunctional component doped 2D porous carbon nanosheets (Fe/Ni-N-PCNSs) successfully via a facile and template-free approach. Benefited from the ultrathin porous 2D structure and uniformly distributed bimetallic doping, Fe/Ni-N-PCNSs can effectively capture polysulfides, speed up sulfur redox reaction, and improve lithiophilic of carbon-based materials, greatly suppressing the shuttle effect of sulfur cathode and dendrite growth in lithium anode. As a result, Fe/Ni-N-PCNSs exhibit exceptional performance as stable hosts for elemental sulfur and metallic lithium, including a record long lifetime of 1000 cycles with a pretty infinitesimal capacity decay of 0.00025% per cycle in Li-S battery and an excellent cycling stability for over 850 h with a small overpotential of ≈72 mV in lithium metal battery. This work opens the exploration of state-of-the-art multifunctional-based 2D porous carbon nanosheets as stable hosts for both elemental sulfur and metallic lithium to improve Li-S battery performance.

     

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