面向大电流密度电解水的碳基催化剂研究进展

CHEN Yu-xiang; ZHAO Xiu-hui; DONG Peng; ZHANG Ying-jie; ZOU Yu-qin; WANG Shuang-yin

doi:10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60831-0

面向大电流密度电解水的碳基催化剂研究进展

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60831-0

陈玉祥^{1, 2, ,},
赵秀辉³,
董鹏²,
张英杰²,
邹雨芹^4, ,,
王双印⁴

1.
昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 云南昆明 650093
2.
锂离子电池及材料制备技术国家地方联合工程研究中心, 云南省先进电池材料重点实验室, 云南昆明 650093
3.
国防科技大学空天科学学院, 湖南长沙 410073
4.
湖南大学生物传感与化学计量学国家重点实验室, 教育部先进催化工程中心, 湖南长沙 410082

基金项目: 中国博士后基金项目（2020M672471）

详细信息

通讯作者:
陈玉祥，教授. E-mail：chenyux@kust.edu.cn

邹雨芹，教授. E-mail：yuqin_zou@hnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: O646
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- 文章访问数: 295
- HTML全文浏览量: 81
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-16
- 录用日期: 2023-11-29
- 修回日期: 2023-11-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-01

Carbon-based electrocatalysts for water splitting at high-current-densities: A review

1.
Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2.
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
3.
College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

Funds: This work was supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M672471)

More Information

Author Bio:
陈玉祥，教授. E-mail：chenyux@kust.edu.cn

Corresponding author: CHEN Yu-xiang, Professor. E-mail: chenyux@kust.edu.cn; ZOU Yu-qin, Professor. E-mail: yuqin_zou@hnu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 电解水体系可以在温和条件下制备氢气。得益于高比表面积、高电子传输性和原料丰富等优点，碳基电催化剂备受关注。商业用电解水装置需要在较低过电位下实现较大交换电流，进而实现氢气的持续快速生产。然而当前实验室研究的重心大多放在小电流服役工况，对于大电流工况下的系列问题关注较少。研究表明，电解水体系在不同电流密度下表现出的问题差异较大，其影响因素包括气泡、电催化剂局域微环境和电极稳定性等。本综述，首先对碳基电解水催化剂的发展现状进行了总结，大电流模式下暴露出的问题与挑战进行了讨论，并提出可能有效的解决方法，以实现能满足大电流密度要求的高活性高稳定性碳基电催化剂的研发。
- 电解水 /
- 碳基催化剂 /
- 气泡 /
- 大电流密度 /
- 解耦
Abstract: Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising strategy to generate hydrogen using renewable energy under mild conditions. Carbon-based materials have attracted attention in electrocatalytic water splitting because of their distinctive features such as high specific area, high electron mobility and abundant natural resources. Hydrogen produced by industrial electrocatalytic water splitting in a large quantity requires electrocatalysis at a low overpotential at a large current density. Substantial efforts focused on fundamental research have been made, while much less attention has been paid to the high-current-density test. There are many distinct differences in electrocatalysis to split water using low and high current densities such as the bubble phenomenon, local environment around active sites, and stability. Recent research progress on carbon-based electrocatalysts for water splitting at low and high current densities is summarized, significant challenges and prospects for carbon-based electrocatalysts are discussed, and promising strategies are proposed.
- Electrocatalytic water splitting /
- Carbon-based material /
- Bubble /
- High current density /
- Decouple

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FIG. 2909. FIG. 2909.

FIG. 2909.. FIG. 2909.

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Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the topics covered in this review

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Figure 2. Typical water electrolysis cell

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Figure 3. Computational simulation of specific N-doping and removing process in different carbon models^[36]. (A) Schematic and formation energy calculation of transformation from edge-deficient carbon to GN-dominated and divacancy-rich carbon. (B) Schematic and formation energy calculation of transformation from edge-rich carbon to PDN-dominated carbon and then to pentagon-rich carbon. (C) Schematic and formation energy calculation of transformation from pentagon-edge-rich carbon to PON-dominated carbon and then to unique carbon reconstruction. Reproduced with permission

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Figure 4. Digital images showing the bubble generation behavior difference on (a) flat MoS₂ film and (b) nanostructured MoS₂ film. Scale bar: 500 μm. The corresponding statistics of the size distribution of releasing bubbles are shown on the right. These data clearly evidence that the size of bubbles released from nanostructured electrodes is only 1/10 of that of a flat surface. By alleviating the bubble adhesion issue and reducing the “dead area,” the lower-adhesion “superhydrophobic” nanostructured MoS₂ electrodes exhibit higher electrolysis efficiency^[79]. Reproduced with permission

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Figure 5. Schematic synthesis process, morphology, and structural characterizations of RuNi₂©G-250 and RuNi₂@G^[88]. (a) Schematic illustration of the preparation process for RuNi₂©G-250 with the interface between RuO₂ and graphene, where the symbol “T” represents the different oxidation temperatures, and “X” represents the molar ratio of Ru and Ni precursors. (b) High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image of RuNi₂@G. (c) HRTEM image of RuNi₂©G-250 with a unique interface between RuO₂ and graphene. (d–g) High angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) image and the corresponding energy-dispersive spectroscopy maps of RuNi₂©G-250 for Ru, Ni and the combined image. Reproduced with permission

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Figure 6. Schematic diagram of local acid-like microenvironment generation on H_xWO₃ cathode^[96]. Reproduced with permission

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Figure 7. Water electrolysis systems with various anode reactions^[107]. (a) Comparison of various anode reactions for water electrolysis. (b) Electrochemistry-involved conversion path from biomass feedstock into value-added chemicals. Reproduced with permission

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