基于碳化钽涂层改性碳基材料的研究进展

Research progress on tantalum carbide coatings on carbon materials

  • 摘要: 石墨、炭纤维、炭/炭复合材料等碳基材料广泛应用在航空航天、能源汽车、化工等领域,但炭材料在高温有氧环境下易氧化和不耐氨气、耐划性能较差等缺点,难以满足人们对炭材料越来越苛刻的使用要求,严重制约其发展和实际应用。碳化钽(TaC)具有优异的高温力学稳定性及高温耐腐蚀、耐烧蚀等优点,并与炭材料具有良好的化学相容性和力学相容性,能够对炭材料有效保护,引起国内外研究人员对TaC涂层改性碳基材料的广泛研究。本文系统介绍了在石墨、炭纤维、炭/炭复合材料3种碳基材料表面制备TaC涂层的研究进展,阐述了化学气相沉积工艺(如气体流量、沉积温度、沉积压力)对TaC涂层改性碳基材料的影响规律,讨论了TaC涂层的发展趋势及展望了发展方向。

     

    Abstract: Carbon materials, such as graphite, carbon fibers and C/C composites, have a high specific modulus and specific strength, especially at high temperatures. However, they corrode easily in air or ammonia at high temperatures and have poor scratching resistance. Tantalum carbide (TaC) has an excellent high-temperature mechanical stability, high-temperature corrosion resistance, high-temperature ablation resistance and good chemical and mechanical compatibility with carbon materials. This paper summarizes research progress on coating TaC on graphite, carbon fibers and C/C composites. The coating methods and their effects on the properties of carbon materials are introduced, including plasma spraying, chemical vapor deposition, chemical vapor infiltration, slurry coating, sol coating and reactive coating in molten salt media with a focus on chemical vapor deposition. Development trends and research directions on the subject of TaC coating are discussed.

     

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