Abstract: Graphdiyne (GDY), a new two-dimensional (2D) carbon molecule, is expected to have applications in the removal of contaminants from aqueous media. It has superior conjugation, unusual and varied electronic properties, and exceptional chemical and thermal stability because of its framework of sp and sp² hybridized carbon bonds that are combined to produce benzene rings and diacetylenic bonds in a two-dimensional symmetrical network. Its molecular chemistry is the result of it having carbon-carbon triple bonds, with a regular distribution of triangular pores in its structure, which provide reaction sites and various reaction pathways. GDY is an adsorbent with an excellent efficiency for the removal of oil, organic pollutants, dyes, and metals from contaminated water, but there is limited evidence of it being used as an adsorbent in the literature. This review discusses its synthesis and its use as an adsorbent together with its prospects for pollutant removal.