用于电催化合成过氧化氢的碳电极综述

Carbon electrodes for the electrocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide: A review

  • 摘要: 通过双电子(2e)途径的电催化氧还原方式能够即时合成过氧化氢(H2O2),远超传统的蒽醌工艺。近年来,碳电极因具有良好的催化效果和优越的稳定性在电催化合成H2O2方面受到越来越多的关注。本综述结合材料改性与润湿性调整,从三相界面的角度考虑与H2O2合成速率及使用寿命的关系。介绍了碳电极的结构与电催化合成H2O2的原理,包括单质炭材料、无金属催化剂、贵金属催化剂与非贵金属催化剂4种主流催化剂;金属阳极与电解液对于三相界面的影响;碳电极润湿性与三相界面的关系,指出侧重于提高2e途径选择性的改性方式也会对电极润湿性造成影响。此外,合理地设计电器原件与提升碳电极合成H2O2功效的关系。最后,讨论了当前碳电极电催化合成H2O2所面临的问题与未来的研究方向。

     

    Abstract: Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction by a 2e pathway enables the instantaneous synthesis of H2O2, a process that is far superior to the conventional anthraquinone process. In recent years, the electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 using carbon electrodes has attracted more and more attention because of its excellent catalytic performance and superior stability. The relationship between material modification, wettability and the rate of H2O2 synthesis and service life is considered together with the three-phase interface. The structure of the carbon electrodes and the principles of electrocatalytic H2O2 synthesis are first introduced, and four major catalysts are reviewed, namely, monolithic carbon materials, metal-free catalysts, noble metal catalysts and non-precious metal catalysts. The effects of the metal anode and the electrolyte on the three-phase interface are described. The relationship between carbon electrode wettability and the three-phase interface is described, pointing out that modification focusing on improving the selectivity of the 2e pathway can also impact electrode wettability. In addition, the relationship between the design of the components in the electrochemical system and their effect on the efficiency of H2O2 synthesis is discussed for carbon electrodes. Finally, we present our analysis of the current problems in the electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 for carbon electrodes and future research directions.

     

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