Abstract: Graphdiyne is a novel carbon material with a special carbon hybrid arrangement, unique chemical and electronic structure and numerous pores that has promising applications in electrochemical energy storage. Emerging aqueous ion batteries have advantages of low cost and high safety, but the development of high-performance electrode materials, the design of new membrane systems and ways of stabilizing the interface remain the main challenges in their manufacture. With its unique porous structure and excellent electrochemical properties, graphdiyne can improve ion transport, interface deposition behavior and electrolyte instability in the aspects of anode protection, cathode cladding, membrane design and stabilizing the pH value of the interface. A bottom-up molecular structural design strategy makes graphdiyne easy to modify and dope, improving the properties of its analogues and thus expanding their applications in aqueous ion batteries. We systematically summarize the structure, properties, and synthesis methods of graphdiyne, and summarize the research of graphdiyne in aqueous ion batteries. A comprehensive evaluation of the existing problems and challenges of the use of graphdiyne in aqueous ion batteries is given, and future trends and developments are suggested.