Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) electrode technology is a competitive water treatment technology owing to its high catalytic efficiency, low energy consumption, and promising technological development. The introduction of a third electrode on the basis of a 2D electrode system forms a 3D electrode system, and the introduced third electrode is also known as the particle electrode. Particle electrodes in 3D electrode system are generally in the form of particles or crumbs that are filled in between the cathode and anode. The core of the 3D electrode system is the particle electrode, so the selection of particle electrode materials is the focus of the research of 3D electrode technology. Carbon-based materials are widely used as particle electrodes in 3D electrode technology because of their advantages of large specific surface area, good adsorption performance, high chemical stability, and low price. In this review, the research progress of carbon-based materials as particle electrodes for degrading organic pollutants in recent years is summarized, the principle of 3D electrode technology is introduced, along with the classification of particle electrodes and the current research status of carbon-based particle electrodes, and the challenges and future development of carbon-based particle electrodes in wastewater treatment are discussed.