新型定向碳纳米管/炭复合材料的制备与表征

摘要: 采用化学气相沉积（CVD）方法制备了厚度超过4mm的定向碳纳米管（ACNTs）阵列，并以此为骨架，利用化学气相渗（CVI）工艺制备了新型的定向碳纳米管/炭（ACNT/C）复合材料。利用SEM、PLM、XRD、TGA和Raman光谱对ACNT/C复合材料进行了表征。结果表明：ACNT/C复合材料中的热解炭主要为类粗糙层（RL）结构，而在相同工艺条件下制备的炭/炭（C/C）复合材料的热解炭为典型的光滑层（SL）结构。ACNT/C复合材料晶化程度明显优于相同工艺条件下的C/C复合材料。同时，ACNT/C复合材料在空气中的热失重转变温度比相同工艺条件下制备的C/C复合材料提高了约50℃左右。

Abstract: Long aligned carbon nanotube (ACNT) arrays over 4mm thick were prepared by chemical vapor deposition by adjusting processing parameters. ACNT/C composites were fabricated by densifying the ACNTs with chemical vapor infiltration, and were characterized by SEM, PLM, XRD, TGA and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the pyrocarbon was mainly of the rough lamella type for ACNT/C composites compared with the typically smooth lamella type for traditional carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, in spite of using the same process. Pyrocabon around CNTs showed a high degree of crystallization. The temperature at which ACNT/C composites began to show a weight loss in air was about 50℃ higher than that for C/C composites.