由煤沥青高效制备高性能超级电容器用多孔炭

Efficient preparation of porous carbons from coal tar pitch for high performance supercapacitors

    摘要
  • 摘要: 在较低氢氧化钾用量的条件下,采用一步微波辅助 KOH 活化法由煤沥青成功制备出多孔炭材料。 在 KOH/ 沥青质量比为 2 :1, 采用 30 min 微波辅助 KOH 活化所得多孔炭(PC 2-M )的比表面积达 1 786 m 2 / g。 在 KOH、K 2 SO 4 、Na 2 SO 4 、Li 2 SO 4 水性电解液及四乙基四氟化硼酸铵盐/ 碳酸丙烯酯有机电解液中,研究了 PC 2-M 电极的电化学性能。在 6 mol/ L KOH 水性电解液中,在0. 1 A/ g 的电流密度下,多孔炭电极的比容达267 F/ g; 在0. 5 mol/ L K 2 SO 4 中性电解液中,多孔炭电容器的能量密度高达12. 0 Wh/ kg,对应的功率密度为 1 318 W/ kg。 因此,一步微波辅助氢氧化钾活化煤沥青是一种简单、高效且低能耗的制备超级电容器用高性能多孔炭的方法。

     

    Abstract: Porous carbons (PCs) for supercapacitors were prepared from coal tar pitch by a one-step microwave-assisted KOH activation with low KOH consumption. The surface area of the PC (PC 2-M ) made at a KOH/ pitch mass ratio of 2 with microwave heating for 30 min reaches 1 786 m 2 / g. The electrochemical performance of the PC electrode for supercapacitors was evaluated in different electrolytes including KOH, K 2 SO 4 , Na 2 SO 4 , Li 2 SO 4 in water, and tetraethylammoniatetra fluoroborate in propylene carbonate. The supercapacitors have a high specific capacitance of 267 F/ g in 6 mol/ L KOH aqueous electrolyte at 0. 1 A/ g and a high energy density of 12. 0 Wh/ kg at 1 318 W/ kg in a 0. 5 mol/ L K 2 SO 4 neutral electrolyte. The one-step microwave-assisted KOH activation is a simple, efficient and low energy-consumption approach for the preparation of high performance PCs for supercapacitors.

     

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