含磷石墨层间化合物的制备及其膨化性能研究

Preparation and expansion properties of a graphite intercalation compound containing phosphorus

摘要: 以天然鳞片石墨、HClO₄、H₃PO₄、CrO₃为原料,按质量比1:1:2:0.3,利用化学氧化法制备出低温易膨胀、高膨胀容积的石墨层间化合物,300℃时膨胀容积为350mL·g^-1,800℃时达到最大膨胀容积610mL·g^-1,明显优于传统硫酸插层的石墨层间化合物。采用SEM、EDS、XPS、FT-IR、XRD、TG等技术对石墨层间化合物的组成、结构、性能进行表征和分析,结果表明:石墨层间的插入物为PO₄^3-、ClO₄^-、Cr₂O₇^2-;并对化学氧化法插层机理进行了探讨。

Abstract: A graphite intercalation compound (GIC) was prepared by the chemical oxidation method using natural graphite flakes, HClO₄, H₃PO₄ and CrO₃ as raw materials with mass ratios of 1:1:2:0.3. It was characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS, FT-IR, XRD and TGA. The expansion volume of the GIC was 350 mL·g^-1 at 300℃ and reached the highest value of 610 mL·g^-1 at 800℃. The expansion volume of this GIC was obviously higher than the GICs using H₂SO₄ as an intercalating agent. The intercalating agents of the GIC were PO₄^3-, ClO₄^- and Cr₂O₇^2-.