Abstract: Two dimensional carbon materials have high chemical stabilities, tunable electrical properties, special optical, thermal and mechanical properties owing to their high surface area, two dimensional nature and small size. This paper reviews the fabrication of graphene and its derivatives, porous carbon nanosheets and carbon cloths, as well as their use in adsorption, detection/sensing, lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors, catalysis, et al. The challenges and prospects of these applications are also discussed.