面向大电流密度电解水的碳基催化剂研究进展

Carbon-based electrocatalysts for water splitting at high-current-densities: A review

  • 摘要: 电解水体系可以在温和条件下制备氢气。得益于高比表面积、高电子传输性和原料丰富等优点,碳基电催化剂备受关注。商业用电解水装置需要在较低过电位下实现较大交换电流,进而实现氢气的持续快速生产。然而当前实验室研究的重心大多放在小电流服役工况,对于大电流工况下的系列问题关注较少。研究表明,电解水体系在不同电流密度下表现出的问题差异较大,其影响因素包括气泡、电催化剂局域微环境和电极稳定性等。本综述,首先对碳基电解水催化剂的发展现状进行了总结,大电流模式下暴露出的问题与挑战进行了讨论,并提出可能有效的解决方法,以实现能满足大电流密度要求的高活性高稳定性碳基电催化剂的研发。

     

    Abstract: Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising strategy to generate hydrogen using renewable energy under mild conditions. Carbon-based materials have attracted attention in electrocatalytic water splitting because of their distinctive features such as high specific area, high electron mobility and abundant natural resources. Hydrogen produced by industrial electrocatalytic water splitting in a large quantity requires electrocatalysis at a low overpotential at a large current density. Substantial efforts focused on fundamental research have been made, while much less attention has been paid to the high-current-density test. There are many distinct differences in electrocatalysis to split water using low and high current densities such as the bubble phenomenon, local environment around active sites, and stability. Recent research progress on carbon-based electrocatalysts for water splitting at low and high current densities is summarized, significant challenges and prospects for carbon-based electrocatalysts are discussed, and promising strategies are proposed.

     

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