碳基无金属纳米材料用于电催化合成小分子化学品

Carbon-based metal-free nanomaterials for the electrosynthesis of small-molecule chemicals: A review

  • 摘要: 电催化是各种以化学品形式储存可再生电力能源技术的核心。目前,贵金属基催化剂广泛应用于提高电催化转化效率。然而,成本高、稳定性差等缺点严重阻碍了其在电合成和可持续能源器件中的大规模应用。碳基无金属催化剂(CMFCs)在提高催化性能方面展现出巨大潜力,且受到越来越多的关注。本文概述了用于电催化合成的CMFCs的最新研究进展,并讨论了其催化机理和设计策略。此外,简要总结了电催化合成过氧化氢、氨、氯以及各种碳基和氮基化合物的研究现状,并重点阐述了CMFCs目前面临的挑战和未来前景。

     

    Abstract: Electrocatalysis is a key component of many clean energy technologies that has the potential to store renewable electricity in chemical form. Currently, noble metal-based catalysts are most widely used for improving the conversion efficiency of reactants during the electrocatalytic process. However, drawbacks such as high cost and poor stability seriously hinder their large-scale use in this process and in sustainable energy devices. Carbon-based metal-free catalysts (CMFCs) have received growing attention due to their enormous potential for improving the catalytic performance. This review gives a concise comprehensive overview of recent developments in CMFCs for electrosynthesis. First, the fundamental catalytic mechanisms and design strategies of CMFCs are presented and discussed. Then, a brief overview of various electrosynthesis processes, including the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, chlorine, as well as various carbon- and nitrogen-based compounds is given. Finally, current challenges and prospects for CMFCs are highlighted.

     

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