The role of carbon materials in suppressing dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries

This review highlights several recent models of Li dendrite formation that have been proposed. Based on the comprehensive understanding and insight gained from these models, carbon materials have been developed to prevent the formation of Li dendrites by virtue of their exceptional electrical conductivity, electrochemical stability, mechanical properties and mouldability. A comprehensive review of the advantages of using carbon materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers and hollow carbons, to deal with the formation of Li dendrites in recent years is provided. Finally, the limitations of carbon materials and future research directions for inhibiting Li dendrite formation are summarized as a reference for the development of new carbon materials for high-performance Li metal anodes.