The production of electrodes for microsupercapacitors based on MoS₂-modified reduced graphene oxide aerogels by 3D printing

Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) are of interest because of their high power density and excellent cycling performance, offering a broad array of potential applications. However, preparing electrodes for the MSCs with an extremely high areal capacitance and energy density remains a challenge. We constructed MSC electrodes with an ultra-high area capacitance and a high energy density, using reduced graphene oxide aerogel (GA) and MoS₂ as the active materials, combined with 3D printing and surface modification. Using 3D printing, we obtained electrodes with a stable macrostructure and a GA-crosslinked micropore structure. We also used a solution method to load the surface of the printed electrode with molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, further improving the electrochemical performance. The surface capacitance of the electrode reached 3.99 F cm⁻², the power density was 194 W cm⁻², and the energy density was 1997 mWh cm⁻², confirming its excellent electrochemical performance and cycling stability. This work provides a simple and efficient method for preparing MSC electrodes with a high areal capacitance and energy density, making them ideal for portable electronic devices.