Preparation of carbon nanospheres by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition and their formation mechanism

ZHANG You; YANG Wei; LUO Rui-ying; SHANG Hai-dong

doi:10.1016/S1872-5805(16)60025-2

Volume 31 Issue 5

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > New Carbon Mater. > 2016 > 31(5): 467-474

ZHANG You, YANG Wei, LUO Rui-ying, SHANG Hai-dong. Preparation of carbon nanospheres by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition and their formation mechanism. New Carbon Mater., 2016, 31(5): 467-474. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(16)60025-2

Citation:

ZHANG You, YANG Wei, LUO Rui-ying, SHANG Hai-dong. Preparation of carbon nanospheres by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition and their formation mechanism. New Carbon Mater., 2016, 31(5): 467-474. doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(16)60025-2

Citation:

PDF( 4633 KB)

Preparation of carbon nanospheres by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition and their formation mechanism

doi: 10.1016/S1872-5805(16)60025-2

School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Funds: National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(A2120132005).

Received Date: 2016-07-28
Accepted Date: 2016-10-28
Rev Recd Date: 2016-10-03
Publish Date: 2016-10-28

Abstract

Abstract

Carbon spheres with different sizes were prepared by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition fromgas mixtures of CH₄ and H₂. The influence of the deposition temperature, pressure, and gas ratio on the formation and growth mechanism of the spheres was investigated. The carbon spheres obtained were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. Results indicated that carbon nanospheres (50-100 nm) could be obtained at 1 150℃ and 5 kPa from a gas mixture with a CH₄/H₂ volume ratio of 0.25. The deposition temperature had no obvious effect on the sphere size and structure. The sphere size increased with the deposition pressure and the gas ratio. A model was proposed to elucidate their formation and growth.
- Carbon spheres,
- CVD,
- Natural gas,
- Hydrogen,
- Nucleation mechanism

FullText(HTML)

References(28)

References

S H Chen, J F Wu, R H Zhou, et al. Porous carbon apheres doped with Fe₃C as an anode for high-rate lithium-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2015, 180: 78-85.

W Kräschmer, L D Lamb, Fostriropoulos D R Huffman. Progress towards a quantitative understanding of antarctic ozone depletion[J]. Nature, 1990, 347: 347-354.

E F Kukovitsky, S G L’vov, N A Sainov. Correlation between metal catalyst particle size and carbon nanotube growth[J]. Chem Phys Lett, 2000, 317: 97-102.

A K Sinha, D W Hwang, L P Hwang. A novel approach to bulk synthesis of carbon nanotubes filled with metal by a catalytic chemical vapor deposition method[J]. Chem Phys Lett. 2000, 332: 455-460.

W Benzinger, K J Huttinger. Chemistry and kinetics of chemical vapor infiltration of pyrocarbon-IV. Investigation of methane/hydrogen mixtures[J]. Carbon, 1999, 37: 931-940.

M Sharon, K Mukhopadhyay, K Yase, S Ijima. Spongy carbon nanobeads-A new material[J]. Carbon, 1998, 36: 507-511.

Z C Kang, Z L Wang. Pairing of pentagonal and heptagonal carbon rings in the growth of nanosize carbon spheres synthesized by a mixed-valent oxide-catalytic carbonization process[J]. J Phys Chem B, 1996, 100: 5163-5165.

Z C Kang, Z L Wang. Mixed-valent oxide-catalytic carbonization for synthesis of monodispersed nano sized carbon spheres[J]. Philos Mag B, 1996, 73: 905-929.

Y H Yi, G H Zhu, H Sun, et al. Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres rapped with graphene nanostructure for highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of parachlorophenol[J]. Biosens Bioelectron, 2016, 86: 62-67.

J Dou, S M Yin, J Chong, et al. Carbon spheres anchored Co₃O₄ nanoclusters as an efficient catalyst for dye degradation[J]. Appl Catal A, 2016, 513: 106-115.

V Vignal, A W Morawski, H Konno, et al. Effects of carbonization atmosphere and subsequent oxidation on pore structure of carbon spheres observed by scanning tunneling microscopy[J]. J Mater Res, 1999, 14: 1102-1112.

E Auer, A Freund, J Pietsch, T Tacke. Carbons as supports for industrial precious metal catalysts[J]. Appl Catal, 1998, 173: 259-271.

M Sharon, K Mukhopadhyay, K Yase, et al.Spongy carbon nanobeads-A new material[J]. Carbon, 1998, 36: 507-511.

S Flandrois, B Simon. Electrode characteristics of pitch-based carbon fiber as an anode in lithium rechargeable battery[J]. Carbon, 1992, 37: 165-180.

G Hu, D Ma, M J Cheng, et al. Direct synthesis of uniform hollow carbon spheres by a self-asembly template approach[J]. Chem Commun, 2002, 17: 1948-1949.

H Hou, A K Schaper, F Weller. Carbon nanotubes and spheres produced by modified ferrocene pyrolysis[J]. Cheminform, 2002, 14: 3990-3994.

J W Liu, M W Shao, Q Tang, et al. A medial-reduction route to hollow carbon spheres[J]. Carbon, 2003, 41: 1682-1685.

X Yang, C Li, W Wang, et al. Chemical route from PTFE to amorphous carbon nanospheres in supercritical water[J]. Chem Commun, 2004, 3: 342-343.

J Y Miao, D W Hwang, K V Narasimhulu, et al. Synthesis and properties of carbon nanospheres grown by CVD using Kaolin supported transition metal catalysts[J]. Carbon, 2004, 42: 813-822.

M Inagaki. Carbon materials structure, texture and intercalation[J]. Solid State Ionics, 1996, 86: 833-839.

M Inagaki. Room temprature exfoliation of graphite microgravity[J]. Carbon, 1993, 8: 711-713.

A Huang, X Zhu, S Wang, et al. Synthesis of bimodal mesoporous carbon spheres from biomass starch and CBZ release[J]. Mater Lett, 2016, 169: 54-57.

X Guo, H Liu, Y Shen, et al. Theoretical and experimental studies on silica-coated carbon spheres composites[J]. Appl Surf Sci, 2013, 283: 215-221.

X Zhao, W Li, S X Liu. Coupled soft-template/hydrothermal process synthesis of mesoporous carbon spheres from liquefied larch sawdust[J]. Mater Lett, 2013, 107: 5-8.

A Govindaraj, R Sen, B V Nagaraju, et al. Carbon nanospheres and tubules obtained by the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons[J]. Philos Mag Lett, 1997, 76: 363-367.

V G Pol, M Motiei, A Gedanken, et al. Carbon spherules: Synthesis, properties and mechanistic elucidation[J]. Carbon, 2004, 42: 111-116.

H S Qian, F M Han, B Zhang, et al. Non-catalytic CVD preparation of carbon spheres with a specific size[J]. Carbon, 2004, 42: 761-766.

V G Pol, V S Pol, J M-C Moreno, et al. High yield one-step synthesis of carbon spheres produced by dissociating individual hydrocarbons at their autogenic pressure at low temperatures[J]. Carbon, 2006, 44: 3285-3292.

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views