The microstructural characteristics of high thermal conductive mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers
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摘要: 本文研究了高导热（500~1127 W·m−1·K−1）中间相沥青基碳纤维的微观结构特征，初步建立了微观结构特征与导热性能之间的影响关系。通过XRD、拉曼光谱、SEM和TEM对纤维的显微结构进行了系统表征，结果表明，辐射状的纤维结构往往热导率较高，并伴随着劈裂状结构特征。La对导热率的影响比Lc更加显著，纤维截面上的R值可作为评估热导率的重要参照指标。在本研究所涉及的纤维中，石墨微晶尺寸越大，微晶缺陷越少，石墨微晶片层沿纤维轴向取向度越好，则碳纤维的热导率越高。Abstract: The microstructural characteristics of the high thermal conductive (500−1127 W·m−1·K−1) mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers were compared based on characterization by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and TEM. The relationship between microstructural characteristics and thermal conductivity was obtained. The results show that a radial structure is always accompanied by a split structure and high thermal conductivity. La has a more significant impact on the thermal conductivity than Lc, and ID/IG value on the cross section obtained from Raman spectra can be used as an essential index to evaluate the thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers. The microstructural characteristics including large graphite crystallite size, high preferred orientation degree along the axis direction, and few crystallite defects contribute to the high thermal conductivity of the carbon fibers.
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Key words:
- Microstructure; /
- Mesophase pitch; /
- Carbon fiber; /
- High thermal conductivity
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图 1 中间相沥青基碳纤维的SEM图片及其对应的模型图(a)XN-90, (b)K13C2U,(c)K13D2U, (d)K1100和(e)HNU-3000
Figure 1. SEM micrographs and sketches of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers: (a) XN-90, (b) K13C2U, (c) K13D2U, (d) K1100 and (e) HNU-3000.
图 2 五种高导热碳纤维XRD图谱(a)赤道扫描, (b)子午扫描, (c)（002）晶面上的方位角扫描,(d)粉末衍射
Figure 2. XRD patterns of the five carbon fibers with high thermal conductivities: (a) Equatorial scan, (b) Meridional scan, (c) Azimuthal scan on (002) crystal face and (d) powder diffraction.tion.
图 3 五种中间相沥青基碳纤维的拉曼光谱(a)表面, (b)横截面
Figure 3. Raman spectra of the five carbon fibers: (a) surface and (b) cross section.
图 4 五种中间相沥青基碳纤维的HRTEM图片(a)XN-90, (b)K13C2U,(c)K13D2U,(d)K1100和(e) HNU-3000
Figure 4. HRTEM images of the five carbon fibers: (a) XN-90, (b) K13C2U, (c) K13D2U, (d) K1100 and (e) HNU-3000.00.
图 5 高导热碳纤维纵向截面的微晶结构模型图
Figure 5. Sketches of the crystallite structure in the longitudinal section for the high thermal conductive carbon fibers.
表 1 Properties of the five types mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers.
Table 1. Properties of the five types mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers.
Sample R(Ω) S(μm2) ρ(μΩ·m) λ1(W·m−1·K−1) λ2(W·m−1·K−1) λ3(W·m−1·K−1) λ*(W·m−1·K−1) XN-90 1023.17 73.27 2.95 428.89 383.76 501.27 500 K13C2U 789.00 65.94 2.07 609.87 566.39 651.64 620 K13D2U 423.33 95.42 1.58 799.08 757.30 762.98 800 K1100 362.33 80.47 1.15 1099.42 1058.14 884.86 1100 HNU-3000 192.57 165.78 1.12 1127.00 1088.19 893.27 − λ* manufacturers’ data[24, 25] 
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表 2 The crystalline parameters and degree of graphitization of carbon fibersbers
Table 2. The crystalline parameters and degree of graphitization of carbon fibersbers
Sample 2θ002(°) d002(nm) Lc(002)(nm) La(100)(nm) g(%)a Z(°) XN-90 26.380 0.3378547 23.07252 38.70151 71.4572 9.33 K13C2U 26.411 0.3374652 26.05127 46.00125 75.9865 9.20 K13D2U 26.426 0.3372770 28.94674 50.61232 78.1743 9.04 K1100 26.468 0.3367513 34.22389 70.30039 84.2867 8.06 HNU-3000 26.479 0.3366139 34.66532 78.25715 85.8843 9.23 a Degree of graphitization (g) was calculated by the equation g=(0.3440-d002)/(0.3440−0.3354)
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